Pharmaceuticals air freight from United States to Turkey

Why pharmaceuticals by air freight?

Pharmaceuticals require speed, control, and traceability — three core qualities of air freight. Medicines, vaccines, and biologicals are valuable, time-critical, and temperature-sensitive. Sea transport takes weeks and offers insufficient control over the cold chain. Air freight takes 1–3 days — with continuous monitoring.

Schiphol is one of Europe's leading pharma cargo hubs: KLM Cargo's Pharma Gateway Amsterdam (PGA) is certified for GDP transport and offers specialized storage and handling facilities for pharmaceutical air freight at the airport itself.

When is air freight indispensable for pharma?

• Clinical trials: samples and study medication must arrive exactly on time
• Acute drug shortages where every day counts
• Vaccines and biologicals with short shelf life or strict cold chain
• High-value APIs where risk of delay is unacceptable
• Compassionate use: individual patient shipments

Exporting to the United States

The US is the largest importer in the world and a top destination for Dutch exporters. Schiphol offers daily direct cargo flights to New York (JFK), Los Angeles (LAX), Chicago (ORD), and Atlanta (ATL), with a flight time of about 9 hours. Due to the wide availability, air freight rates to the US are generally competitive.

US Customs & Border Protection (CBP)

US customs requires a correct Airway Bill, commercial invoice, and packing list for every shipment. Shipments over $800 require a formal customs entry (ISF declaration). Electronics, pharmaceuticals, and dual-use goods may require additional permits, such as an EAR export license or FDA registration of the manufacturer.

What you need to know

• Lithium batteries are subject to IATA DGR rules — always notify in advance
• Certain goods fall under EAR (Export Administration Regulations) and require a BIS license
• The US has no VAT but does charge customs duties — your buyer pays these upon import
• ISF 10+2 declaration is mandatory for sea freight; AMS (Advance Manifest System) applies for air freight

Aircargo.nl handles the complete export documentation towards the US and has established relationships with US customs agents at all major hubs.

Importing from Turkey

Imports from Turkey are diverse: textiles and fashion, automotive parts, hazelnuts and dried fruits, high-quality machinery, and — specifically for air freight — fresh products like citrus fruits and cherries. Schiphol receives daily volumes from IST.

Air Freight vs. Sea and Road Transport

Sea freight from Istanbul or Mersin to Rotterdam takes 8–12 days. Road transport is a popular alternative and takes 5–7 days. Air freight via Schiphol is ready for clearance within 1 working day — ideal for fresh products and urgent shipments.

Customs for Imports from Turkey

Under the EU-Turkey customs union, industrial products can be imported duty-free with an A.TR certificate. Agricultural products are subject to EU import duties or preferential tariffs under EUR.1. Fresh products require EU phytosanitary inspections via the NVWA. Aircargo.nl handles complete customs clearance.

Top Imported Goods from Turkey

• Fresh products (citrus, cherries, grapes, figs)
• Hazelnuts and dried fruits
• Textiles, fashion, and leather goods
• Automotive parts and machine components

US as a crosstrade hub via Schiphol

Schiphol is one of the few European airports with a fully equipped customs bonded warehouse, allowing goods from the US to transit via AMS to Asia, the Middle East, or Africa without formal EU import procedures. This makes the US–Schiphol route particularly suitable as a crosstrade hub for multinationals organizing their European distribution through the Netherlands.

Aircargo.nl coordinates US crosstrades for clients in sectors such as pharma, aviation, and tech, managing the full transit — including handling, documentation, and onward carriage — from a single point.

Points of attention for air freight pharmaceuticals

GDP transport mandatory

Pharmaceuticals must be transported according to Good Distribution Practice (GDP) guidelines. This means an unbroken cold chain with temperature recording, certified storage, and documentation proving that the temperature remained within the required range during the entire transport. Aircargo.nl works exclusively with GDP-certified handlers and airlines.

Temperature requirements

Most pharmaceutical products require transport at 2–8°C (cold chain) or 15–25°C (room temperature). Biologicals, vaccines, and certain diagnostics require -20°C or lower (frozen transport). Each shipment is provided with a calibrated temperature logger and a temperature excursion report if applicable.

Regulatory documentation

• GDP certificate from the sender
• Import or export permit depending on product type and destination country
• Controlled substances: DEA license (US) or national narcotics permit
• Batch release certificates for biologicals